Carbureter



E. F. CIGLIA AND L. F PELLETIER.

CAHBURETEH APPLICATION FILED SEPT-N11918- I 1,375,898. P ten ed Apr- 26, 1921.

3 SHEETS--SHEET 1.

few ATTORNEY E. F; CIGLIA AND L. F. PELLETIER.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-11,1918.

1,375,898. Patented Apr. 26, 1921 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

E. F. CIGLIA AND L. F. PELLETIER.

CAHBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I 1. i918- Patented Apr. 26, 1921 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

47-; v In veqton; b y" d: M I

Atty

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST F. GIG-LIA AND LOUIS F. PELLIEiTIER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORS, BY

MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO E. 85 E. CARBURETER-COMPANY, INC., A CORPORA TION on NEW YORK.

Application filed September To all whom it may concern:

Be'it known that we, ERNEST F. CIGLIA,

a subject of the'King of Italy, (having decity and State of New York, and LoUIs F.

PELLETIER, a citizen of the United States of America, and residing at No. 302 West 111th street, in said city of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement Carbureters, of which the following is a specification. f g

The object ofour invention is to produce a carbureter, which shall alwayssupply an explosive mixture of fuel and air suitable to the running of the engine with which it is used, which shall require little, if any, adjustment after the initial adjustment, and which shall, at all times, be under control of the person using it.

We willdescribe a carbureter. embodying our invention and then point out its novel features in claims. V

In the accompanyin drawing illustrating a carburetor embo ying our invention,

Figure l is a plan or top view partly in.

section. Fig. 2 is a side view partly in section.

of the dotted line 4-4 included in Fig. 1. F1g,l 5 is an irregular transverse vertical section in planes indicated by the dotted- 10 is a horizontal section taken in .the planes indicated by the'line 1010, in Fig. 5. Fig. 11 is an enlargedhorizontal section of certain parts also shown in Fig. 1 and-Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a horizontal sectlon like 'Fig. 11, but 'sh'owin' one ofthe parts in a different position. imilar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Specification of Letters Patent.

F 3 is an elevation. Fig. 4 is a. longitudinal vertical section on the plane GARBURETER.

Patented Apr. 26, 1921.

11, 1918. Serial No. 253,558.

' liquid fuel, such as gasolene, to the carbureter. From its lower portion extends a conduit a through which thefuel may flow from the fuel chamber to a nozzle B, whence the fuel escapes and mixes with air to produce an explosive mixture for use in an internal combustion engine. I

The chamber A may be cast with the conduit a, and the latter provided with a flange a fitting against a flange c of the shell C of the carbureter. Screws d serve to secure together the flanges a and c and SO unite the chamber A with the shell C of the carbureter. F

.Preferably the fuel nozzle B is made of a separate piece fitted in a tubular portion 0 of the carbureter shell C and "secured 1 therein by means of screw threads 0 which provide for a longitudinal adjustment of the nozzle to vary the protrusion of its tip. Thelower end of the nozzle is provided with nicks or notches c which may be engaged by an ordinary screw driver to vary the po-' sition of the nozzle.- To make the use of a screw driver possible, there is below the nozzle in the conduit a a screw plug a which ing for the insertion of a screw driver, facilitates the removal of sediment which may lodge in the conduit a. I The carburetor shell C comprises a Venturi tube 0 c c 0 The section 0 constitutes an air chamber which tapers toward the axis ofthe throat c which is at its inner end. It consequently is constructed to converge the air stream about the axle of said throat and there is the region of the greatest velocity of the air stream. The section 0" flares beyond-the throat c and with the section 0. constitutes a mixing chamber in which the mixture expands. It will be seen that the fuel nozzle B protrudes into the throat c of the Venturi tube.- The suction of the engine will cause the inflow of air through the section 0 of the Venturi t'ube, thence through the throat o and across the end of the fuel nozzle B The current of air so produced will atomize,

talre up and mix with itself whatever quantity of fuel s permitted to escape from the fuel nozzle B, and the mixture so formed will, as already indicated, pass away through the section 0 is an air controlling valve, here shown as consisting of a thin flat plate provided with a circular hole (Z and fitted to the carburetor shell Q, so as to be capable of sliding transversely and as here shown vertically, across the threat 0 of the l enturi tube. The Venturi tube causes the air stream to be converged so that it is directed about the fuel nozzle ll to cause a depression about said nozzle and induce flow of fuel. The air valve D controls the air stream and by making this valve in the form of a thin plate, arranging it close to the nozzle and providing it with a round hole opposite the nozzle its efficiency in cansing the convergence of the air stream about said nozzle and the carburetionof the air stream is promoted. lt will be found convenient to construct the section 0 of the Venturi tube separately from the throat c and sections 0" 0?, and to provide it with a flange or plate 0 which may be secured by screws 0 to the carbureter shell fl, and to so construct and combine it with the latter as to form therewith a slide-way 0 for the air controlling valve D.

lt will be obvious that by moving the air controlling valve D in different directions, its hole al may be made to communicate more or less extensively with the throat a of the Wenturi tube, and thus increase or decrease the quantity of air passing through the section 0 of the Venturi tube suitably to the needs of the engine from time to time.

To provide for varying the supply of fuel suitably for different conditions of engine service, we provide a fuel. valve, and prefer to malre this in the form of a needle E. This needle tapers downwardly at its operative end, so that by moving it more or less into the fuelnozzle it will decrease or increase the quantity of fuel permitted to pass from the latter into the lTent-uri tube.

Preferably this needle will taper only in two opposite planes or flat portions e like a wedge instead of having a conical taper. it glance at Figs. 7 and 8 will make this construction" apparent. The nozzle is internally tapered conically to its tip and made of such size that it canbe closed b the circular portion of the needle and mhre or less opened by the tapered portion of the needle.

lt will be seen that the conduit leading to the fuel nozzle and the fuel nozzle, errcept at its tip, are made quite large to permit a free flow of fuel to the tip and to maintain a large volume of fuel close to the tip. The flat sides of the needle cause the fuel to escape in two approximately flat streams. Because the needle is tapered only in two 'oppositeplanes it is of mar mum diameter between these two planes. Consequently it has a bearing throughout the length of the tip portion of the nozzle and is prevented by the latter from any possible deflection which would cause or permit variations in the air stream.

The flat] surfaces lie in the plane of the axis of the Venturi tube, hence the two streams will be flattened lengthwise of the l enturi tube. This, we believe, will mate rially increase the efficiency of the carburetion or mixing of the air and fuel.

A simple way of operating the needle T5 is to connect it with the air valve'D. The have shown the air valve D as having secured to it a bloclt d. Screws or similar devices maybe used to effect the union. The needle l is shown as extending vertically through this block and as clamped in position relatively to the block by screws d which are notched at the outer endsand may be engaged by a screw driver upon the removal of the section 0 of the fenturi tube with its plate 0".

lit will be seen (Figs. 4t and 6) that the upper end of the needle l3 extends above the block (Z to facilitate longitudinal adjustment in said block, and that the portion 0 of the carburetor shell C is provided with an opening covered by a screw 6 having a tubular body into which the needle may rise. This contrivance is adopted to afford convenience in adjusting the needle.

From what has been said it will be understood that the air valve D and the fuel needle valve Til must move together to simultaneously increase and to simultaneously decrease the quantities of air and fuel passing through the Venturi. tube. Tt is important to arrange them close together as shown and at the throat of the Venturi tube, with the air valve the nearer to the air inlet and with the fuel nozzle protruding into the throat of that tube.

ll hile other means are possible for moving the valves D and E, we have shown a simple combination of parts consisting of a pin and anti-friction roller f engaging with a transverse notch a formed in the block (Z' and carried by two arms f extending from a tubular rock shaft 7 mounted upon an axle f supported in the portion 0 of the carbureter shell C. An arm f extends from the tubular rock shaft 7 and is provided with a pin and anti-friction roller i which engages with a transverse notch in a reciprocating bar 7 to slide longitudinally in the *carbureter shell C. Motion is imparted to this bar f by an arm f provided with a pin. and antifriction roller 7 engaging with a trans verse notch f in the bar 7", the said arm being affixed to a rock shaft 7 mounted in which is supported oscillate with the rock shaft f, by means bearings in the carbureter shell C, and having aflixed to one end outside of the carbureter shell an arm f. This arm f is provided with a number of holes, with any one of which may be engaged a rod comprised in a combination of parts extending within reach of the person controlling the carbureter.

On that portion of the rock shaft i which passes through the cylindrical outlet 0 of the Venturitube we arrange a valve G, here shown as of the type known as a butterfiy valve, and secured so that it will of the arm f will not only adjust the air. and fuel valves D and E, but will addition ally adjust the butterfly valve, all simultaneously for the best results as hereinafter stated.

/It is of great importance not only to regulate according to the exigen'ciesof engine service at different times the air valve and.

the fuel valve, but also the explosive-mixture valve.

The shape of the hole 0Z in the air valve, the degree of. taper of the fuel valve, the angle of the mixture controlling valve to the axis of the Venturi tube when said.

valve is in its closed position and the connections between these three valves cause a more rapid increase of the opening for the fuel nozzle and air chamber than the explosive mixture chamber and this conduces to smoothness in the operation of an engine during starting and while varying-its speed.

We believe that the angle of the taper of the section 0 of the Venturi tube is important and that internally it should be substantially twelve to sixteen degrees to the axis of this section of said tube and preferably fourteen degrees. We prefer to make the angle of the taper of the section 0 to be from sixteen to twenty, degrees and most perferably eighteen degrees. A straight Venturi tube has advantages over one that is bent or curved and it is important, we believe, to make the throat of,

a Venturi tube short, by arranging the two reversely tapering portions close together.

Our carbureter comprises other devices designedto provide for. an explosivemixture abnormally rich in fuel for use in the engine at certain times, as for instance,

when the engine is started, They comprise a conduit or passage 0 which terminates and 10 the port 0 establishes communication between the conduit or passage 0 and the port 0 thus permitting a flow of fuel into the section 0 9f the Ventun tube beyond the butterfly valve ,G, simultaneously closing the port 0 Thus the starting of the engine with which the carbureter c0- operates will be facilitated.

WVhen reciprocated to the other extreme position illustrated in Fig. 11, the valve 0 will close the port 0 and establish communication between the conduit or passage 0 and the port 0 whereupon fuel Wlll be permittedto flow into the section 0 of the Venturi tube at the other side of thebutterfly valve Gr.

The port 0 of the valve 0 terminates in a port 0 extending longitudinally along the periphery of the-valve while gradually decreasing in area. Consequently, if the valve 0 is reciprocated gradually toward the first described p0sition,,it will gradually reduce the supply of fuel flowing from the conduit or passage 0 into the port 0 When the valve 0 is'moved beyond the first described position and into'the posltion shown in Fig. 12, it will close botli ports 0 0 whereupon the fuel canonly flow into the Venturi tube under control 0 the needle valve E.

The valve 0 may be reciprocated by a crank arm 0 which is mountedon a rock shaft 0 and engages with the valve by means of a pin and anti-friction roller 0 mounted on a crank arm 0 affixed to the rock shaft 0 and fitting in a notch formed in said valve. The rock shaft c is supported in a. bearing 0 formed in the carbureter shell 0. I

The crank arm 0 may be connected with a rod extending to a place where it may be easily reached by the person controlllng' the carbureter.

Therock shaft 0 is shown as having secured to it a crank arm; 0, which, cooperates with a detent to hold the rock shaft normally in position, .tlo close the ports a" and 0 As here shown, this detent consists of a ball o pressed by a spring 0 against a recessed portion of the crank arm 0.

These devices for providing an abnormally rich explosive nnxture are not here transverse to the axis of said Venturi can be operated simultaneously,

claimed butare reserved for another application which is to be a division oi. this application.

hat we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: y

1. in a carburetor the combination of a Venturi tube constructed to converge an air stream about the axis of its threat, a fuel orifice so arranged its axis will be transverse to the axis of said. l 'enturi tube, a needle valve for controlling the outfiow of fuel through said orifice, a valve fitted to said Venturi tube so as to operate in a plane transverse to the axis of said l enturi tube and in close proximity to said fuel orifice, a valve in the outlet portion of said Venturi tube controlling the outfiow of the mix-- ture and means whereby all three of said valves can be operated simultaneously, substantially as specified,

2. in a carburetor the combination of a Venturitube constructed to converge an air stream about the axis of its threat, a fuel orifice so arranged that its axis will be transverse to the axis of said Venturi tube, a needle valve for controlling the outflow of fuel through said orifice, a valve fitted to said Venturi tube so as to operate in a plane transverse to the axis of said Venturi tube and in close proximity to said fuel orifice, a

' valve in the outlet portion of said Venturi tube controlling the outflow of the mixture and means whereby all three of said valves can be operated simultaneously and moved positively in both directions substantially as specified.

3. ln a carburetor the combination of a Venturi tube having an air chamber constructed to converge an air stream about the axis of its throat and a flaring mixing,

chamber arranged axially in line therewith and beyond said throat, a fuel orifice so arranged that its axis will be transverse to the axis of said Venturi, a needle valve for controlling the outfiow of fuel through said orilies, a valve in the outlet portion of said Venturi tube so as to operate in a plane tube and in close proximity to said fuel orifice, a valve in the outlet portion of said Venturi tube controlling the outfilow of the mixture and means whereby all three of said valves substantially as specified.

4. In a carburetor the combination of a Venturi tube having an air chamber tapering at an angle of about 18 degrees and constructed to converge an air stream about the axis of its throat, a fuel orifice so arranged that its axis'will be transverse to the axis of said Venturi tube, a needle valve for controlling the outflow of fuel through said orifice, a valve fitted to said Venturr tube so as to operate in a plane transverse to the axis of said Venturi tube and in close proximity to said fuel orifice, a valve in the outlet portion of said Venturi tube controlling the outflow of the mixture and means whereby all three of said valves can be operated simultaneously, substantially as specified.

5. ln a carburetor the combination of a Venturi tube having an air chamber and having a mixing chamber flaring at an angle of about lldegrees, the said air chamber being constructed to converge an air stream about the axis of its threat, a fuel orifice so arranged that its axis will be transverse to the axis of said Venturi tube, a needle valve for controlling the outflow of fuel through said orifice, a valve fitted to said Venturi tube so as to operate in a plane transverse to the axis of said Venturi tube and in close proximity to said fuel orifice, a valve in the outlet portion of said Venturi tube controlling the outflow of the mixture and means whereby all three of said valves can be operated simultaneously, substantially as specified.

6. lin a carburetor the combination of a Venturi tube constructed to converge an air stream about the axis of its throat, a fuel orifice so arranged that its axis will be transverse to the axis of said Venturi tube, a needle valve for controlling the outflow of fuel through said orifice, a valve consisting of a plate provided with a round hole and fitted to said Venturi tube so as to operate in a plane transverse to the axis or said Venturi tube and in close proximity to said fuel orifice, a valve in the outlet portion of said Venturi tube controlling the outflow of the mixture and means whereby all three of said valves can be operated simultaneously, sub stantially as specified.

7. ln a carburetor the combination of a Venturi tube, a fuel orifice so arranged that its axis will be transverse to the axis of the Venturi tube, a needle valve for controlling the outfiow of fuel through said orifice, a valve fitted to said Venturi tube so as to 0perate in a plane transverse to the axis of said Venturi tube and in close proximity to said fuel orifice, a valve on the outlet side of said fuel orifice for controlling the outflow of the mixture, all said valves being constructed, positioned and connected so that the said valve for controlling the outfiow of the mixture will. be opened more slowly than the other said valves, substantially as specified.

8. In a carbureter, in combination, a tubular member comprising an air inlet portion and an outlet portion, the axes of such portions being arranged in a straight line, a

fuel orifice positioned intermediate the ends i as to operate in a plane transverse to the axis thereof in Signed at the city of New York, in the 10 close proximity to said orifice, the air inlet county of New York and State of New York portion of said tubular member having a this 23d day of July, A. D. 1918.

bore tapering inwardly to converge an air ERNEST F VGIGLIA stream about said orifice a valve in said 1 outlet portion of said tubiilar member, and LOUIS PELLLTIER' means whereby all three of said valves may WVitnesses: be operated simultaneously, substantially as LILLIAN N. ZorFER, specified. G. W. MODOUGALL. 

